Gary Hoover
Executive Director of The Murphy Institute and Professor of Economics
Biography
Gary "Hoov" Hoover is the Executive Director of The Murphy Institute and Professor of Economics at Tulane University. A nationally renowned economist, his research focuses on the intersection of Economics, Race, and Public Policy, specifically the impact of policy on wealth and income inequality. He is the author of the 2026 book Ladder or Lottery: Economic Promises and the Reality of Who Gets Ahead, which examines the complex structures of economic mobility and opportunity in America..
Hoover came to Tulane from the University of Oklahoma, where he served as the department chair of economics from 2015-2020. In 2017, he was appointed a President’s Associates Presidential Professorship, a prestigious group established to recognize those faculty members who excel in all of their professional activities and relate those activities to the students they teach and mentor. Before Oklahoma, Hoover spent 16 years teaching at the University of Alabama from 1998-2014, where he was the William White McDonald Family Distinguished Faculty Fellow and the James I. Harrison Family Endowed Teaching Excellence Faculty Fellow from 2002-2004. He served as the assistant dean for faculty and graduate student development in the Culverhouse College of Business Administration from 2005-2014.
Since 2012, Hoov has served as co-chair of the American Economic Association Committee on the Status of Minority Groups in the Economics Profession. This group was established in 1968 to increase the representation of minorities in the economics profession, primarily by broadening opportunities for the training of underrepresented minorities. He is the current and founding editor of the Journal of Economics, Race and Policy, which examines the intersection of local and global issues concerning economic conditions, race, ethnicity and gender, and policy prescriptions that address economic disparities. He served as the vice president of the Southern Economic Association from 2018-2020. He has been a fellow at CESifo Group Munich since 2010 and is a member of the Western Economic Association and American Economic Association.
Hoov’s papers have been published in the American Economic Review P&P, Journal of Economic Perspectives, Public Choice, Journal of Economic Literature, International Tax and Public Finance, Journal of Conflict Resolution and the European Journal of Political Economy. He has been a visiting scholar at the Institute for Research on Poverty at the University of Wisconsin. Hoov is a network member at the Center for Economic Studies & ifo Institute in Munich, Germany. He has also been a guest professor at the Universities of Hannover and Konstanz in Germany, the University of Vienna in Austria and X’ian University in China. He received his Bachelor of Arts degree in economics from the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee in 1993. He earned both his master’s (1995) and PhD (1998) in economics from Washington University in St. Louis.
Education
Washington University in St. Louis
University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
Accomplishments
Gary Hoover ’93 wins the UWM Distinguished Alumni Achievement Award
2026
Media Appearances
America At 250: Minnesota Ranks First, Louisiana Last, And No State Is Getting Happier
Funding for this report came from Tulane University and the Murphy Institute at Tulane. Murphy Institute director Gary Hoover also serves on the project’s Board of Directors. All board members participated as unpaid volunteers. Data from the General Social Survey was used under license from the University of Chicago’s National Opinion Research Center (NORC); the authors emphasize that their analysis and conclusions do not reflect the views of NORC.
Financial well-being has dropped among Black Americans and young people, Fed report finds
Gary Hoover, an economist at Tulane University, said the report underscores what economists have already been saying about the economy: It's K-shaped, or increasingly split into haves and have-nots.
Consumers are still spending, despite low confidence in the economy
Gary Hoover, an economics professor at Tulane University, said he likes to eat a small cake or pie for dessert at lunch every day. Those used to cost 84 cents a piece, he said. Now, they’re up to 93 cents.
'Ladder or Lottery': Tulane professor examines barriers to economic growth
Gary Hoover is the executive director of the Murphy Institute at Tulane University, a professor of economics and an affiliate professor of law. From 2015 to 2020, he was a President’s Associates Presidential Professor and the Chair of the Economics Department at the University of Oklahoma.
Is the system failing when hard work, education not enough?
Gary Hoover is a professor and the executive director of the Murphy Institute at Tulane University and an economist whose work focuses on economics, race, inequality and public policy. He is the author of "Ladder or Lottery: Economic Promises and the Reality of Who Gets Ahead." He discusses his book, which questions the presumption that regardless of where people start out, they will get ahead by simply working hard and playing by the rules.
What does Jerome Powell mean when he calls the economy “resilient?”
Powell’s use of the word “resilient” caught the attention of economist Gary Hoover at Tulane University. He wondered if the Fed Chair really meant resistant.
Inflation may be losing momentum. But not everywhere.
“It’s one of the more baffling things that is happening in this economy, and it’s gotta be a combination of pandemic and other geopolitical factors that are taking place,” said Gary Hoover, an economist at Tulane University.
Black unemployment seems to be rising. But other indicators of Black employment are strong.
“If there’s a three or four month trend upward, then there still might be something worth worrying about,” said economist Gary Hoover at Tulane University. He said Black workers — with on-average less training and experience — tend to be more vulnerable to job-loss.
Why does the government have 6 unemployment rates?
Economist Gary Hoover at Tulane University watches all the rates, but said he pays special attention to the broadest unemployment measures when tracking longer-term trends. He’s most concerned “about what’s happening with the marginally attached part of the workforce, on the periphery of the economy.”
Government job cuts have disproportionate effect on Black federal workers
This historical legacy goes way back. The predecessor to the Postal Service began hiring newly emancipated slaves after the Civil War. And, said Tulane University economist Gary Hoover, starting in the 1960s, government agencies vigorously adopted anti-discrimination policies. That led to more and better jobs for Black applicants than they could find in the private sector.
If unemployment rises, could that offset tariff-driven inflation?
However, even if demand goes down and tariff-driven inflation cools, inflation will remain as long as those tariffs are in place, said Gary Hoover, an economics professor at Tulane University.
California Panel Calls for Billions in Reparations for Black Residents
“This is about closing the income and racial wealth gap in this country, and this is a step,” Gary Hoover, an economics professor at Tulane University who has studied reparations, said in an interview. “Wealth is sticky and is able to be transferred from generations. Reparations can close that stickiness.”
Black Unemployment is Surging Under Donald Trump
"I think part of the surge over the last few months is that Black workers were overrepresented in the federal workforce," said Gary Hoover, a professor at Tulane University's Department of Economics.
In the News
MarketPlace: Why are unemployment rates climbing for Black workers?
Inside Higher Ed: The Cost of Doing Nothing
Marketplace: Could the federal minimum wage vary by the regional cost of living?
Marketplace: Fed and Treasury chart path back to “full employment”
Marketplace: While an insurrection shook Capitol Hill, the markets were … fine